Table 5 Frequency of sleep-related problems for factors of the Child and Adolescent Sleep Checklist
From: Mental health and sleep habits/problems in children aged 3–4 years: a population study
| Poor mental health group | Control group | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Checklist | n [5–7 d/w] / n [0–4 d/w] (%) | n [5–7 d/w] / n [0–4 d/w] (%) | pd | |
| Pre-sleep domain | I drink a caffeinated beverage 3 h or less before going to bed. | 3/71 (4.1) | 18/312 (5.5) | 0.778 |
| I play video games, surf the Internet, or send texts 1 h or less before going to bed. | 15/58 (20.5) | 46/285 (13.9) | 0.152 | |
| I avoid going to bed even though it is time to go to sleep. | 18/56 (24.3) | 53/280 (15.9) | 0.092 | |
| I feel anxious or afraid when it is time to go to sleep. | 6/65 (8.5) | 8/312 (2.5) | 0.026* | |
| I have trouble falling asleep when I am by myself. | 47/27 (63.5) | 188/130 (59.1) | 0.513 | |
| Before I fall asleep, my legs feel uncomfortable, as if I cannot hold them still. | 3/63 (4.5) | 11/299 (3.5) | 0.719 | |
| Nighttime domain | I snore. | 9/66 (12.0) | 27/307 (8.1) | 0.266 |
| My breath sounds as if it is getting caught in my throat. | 1/73 (13.5) | 6/328 (1.8) | 1.000 | |
| I stop breathing while I sleep. | 1/67 (1.5) | 5/321 (1.5) | 1.000 | |
| I toss and turn, or change positions often while I sleep. | 44/31 (58.7) | 162/168 (49.1) | 0.159 | |
| I talk in my sleep. | 9/64 (12.3) | 37/296 (11.1) | 0.838 | |
| I cry out in my sleep and wake up during the night. | 2/72 (2.7) | 7/326 (2.1) | 0.670 | |
| I have scary dreams or cry out during nightmares. | 3/70 (4.1) | 10/315 (3.1) | 0.714 | |
| I sleepwalk. | 0/74 (0) | 1/332 (0.3) | 1.000 | |
| My legs twitch while I sleep. | 1/73 (1.4) | 4/313 (1.3) | 1.000 | |
| I urinate in my sleep. | 23/48 (32.4) | 73/248 (22.7) | 0.095 | |
| I grind my teeth while I sleep. | 9/65 (12.2) | 23/303 (7.1) | 0.155 | |
| I sweat excessively while I sleep. | 25/49 (33.8) | 74/258 (22.3) | 0.051 | |
|
Daytime domain | The amount of sleep I get varies each night. | 13/59 (18.1) | 26/306 (7.8) | 0.014* |
| I feel tired or groggy when I wake up in the morning. | 22/53 (29.3) | 69/264 (20.7) | 0.124 | |
| I skip breakfast. | 8/67 (10.7) | 20/311 (6.0) | 0.203 | |
| I get sleepy during class outside of naptime. | 6/59 (9.2) | 9/297 (2.9) | 0.031* | |
| I fall asleep during class outside of naptime. | 2/65 (3.0) | 2/304 (0.7) | 0.149 | |
| I fall asleep if I sit still (i.e., watching TV, riding in the car). | 13/61 (17.6) | 43/291 (12.9) | 0.349 |